What Is Mental Health? Definition, US & California Statistics

Mental health is a fundamental aspect of overall well-being, shaping how we think, feel, and interact with the world around us. It influences every decision we make, how we handle stress, and the way we build relationships. In today’s fast-paced society, where anxiety, depression, and burnout are increasingly common, understanding mental health has never been more important. Yet, despite its significance, mental health often remains misunderstood or overlooked, leading many to suffer in silence.

In the U.S., discussions around mental health have gained traction in recent years, with greater awareness, policy changes, and advocacy efforts pushing for improved resources and accessibility. However, challenges persist, including disparities in mental health care, the lingering stigma surrounding mental illnesses, and the rising demand for services that often outpaces available support. These issues become even more pronounced in specific regions like California, where the intersection of economic disparities, environmental stressors, and population density creates unique mental health challenges.

Defining Mental Health

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines mental health as “a state of mental well-being that enables people to cope with the stresses of life, realize their abilities, learn well and work well, and contribute to their community.” This definition emphasizes mental health as more than just the absence of mental disorders; it encompasses emotional, psychological, and social well-being. ​

Similarly, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) describe mental health as including “our emotional, psychological, and social well-being,” affecting how we think, feel, and act. It also helps determine how we handle stress, relate to others, and make choices. ​

Mental Health in the United States: An Overview

Mental health conditions are prevalent across the United States, affecting individuals of all ages and backgrounds. According to the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI):​

• Adults: 1 in 5 U.S. adults experience mental illness each year, and 1 in 25 U.S. adults experience serious mental illness each year.​
• Youth: 1 in 6 U.S. youth aged 6-17 experience a mental health disorder each year.​
• Onset: 50% of all lifetime mental illness begins by age 14, and 75% by age 24
• Suicide: Suicide is the 2nd leading cause of death among people aged 10-34. ​

These statistics highlight the widespread impact of mental health issues and the critical need for accessible mental health services.​

Mental Health in California: Specific Insights

California, as the most populous state, mirrors national trends but also faces unique challenges. Key statistics include:​

• Prevalence: Nearly 1 in 7 California adults experiences a mental illness, and 1 in 26 has a serious mental illness that makes it difficult to carry out daily activities. ​
• Youth Mental Health: 396,000 Californians aged 12-17 have depression. ​
• Access to Care: In 2021, 35.3% of Californian adults who needed mental health care did not receive it due to financial constraints.
• Suicide Rates: In California, 4,491 lives were lost to suicide, and 1,232,000 adults had thoughts of suicide in the last year.

Challenges in California’s Mental Health System

Despite efforts to improve mental health services, California faces several challenges:​

1. Access to Care: Many Californians struggle to access mental health services. In February 2021, 46.1% of adults in California reported symptoms of anxiety or depression, with 21.9% unable to get needed counseling or therapy. ​
2. Workforce Shortages: Approximately 9,398,534 people in California live in a community that does not have enough mental health professionals. ​
3. Insurance Barriers: Californians are over five times more likely to be forced out-of-network for mental health care than for primary health care, making it more difficult to find care and less affordable due to higher out-of-pocket costs. ​

Recent Developments and Initiatives

California has undertaken several initiatives to address these challenges:​

• Mental Health Services Act (MHSA): Passed in 2004, MHSA imposes a 1% tax on personal income over $1 million to fund county mental health programs. The act aims to transform the mental health system, focusing on prevention, early intervention, and the expansion of services. ​
• Behavioral Health Services Act (SB 326) and Behavioral Health Infrastructure Bond Act (AB 531): These bills aim to reform California’s mental health system by addressing infrastructure needs and expanding services. ​
• School-Based Mental Health Programs: Recognizing the importance of early intervention, California has invested in mental health programs within schools to support youth mental health.​

The Impact of Environmental Factors

California’s unique environmental challenges also impact mental health:​

• Wildfires: The increasing frequency and intensity of wildfires have led to heightened anxiety, stress, and trauma among residents. The mental health toll of these disasters is significant, with long-term effects on communities. ​
• Economic Disparities: High living costs and economic disparities contribute to stress and mental health challenges, particularly among low-income populations.​

How Overland IOP Can Help

Overland Intensive Outpatient (IOP) and Partial Hospitalization Programs (PHP) in Los Angeles offer comprehensive mental health and addiction treatment services designed to address these challenges. Recognizing the unique needs of Californians, Overland provides both in-person and virtual programs, ensuring accessibility across the state. ​

Overland’s treatment philosophy centers on a holistic approach, addressing mental health, addiction, and co-occurring disorders with individualized care plans. Their experienced clinicians utilize evidence-based methods to treat conditions such as depression, anxiety, PTSD, personality disorders, and complex trauma. By offering flexible scheduling with morning, afternoon, and evening options, Overland accommodates diverse lifestyles and commitments. ​